Tag Archives: Biodiversity
Spesies Asing Invasif: Akankah Mengubah Wajah Bumi Kita?
Mungkinkah wajah bumi kita akan berubah karena penyebaran spesies invasif yang begitu cepat dari tempat asalnya ke ke berbagai belahan dunia?. Pertanyaan ini muncul dalam Konferensi Internasional “Biodiversity Crisis in Tropical Islands” yang diselenggarakan di Brunei Darussalam 11-13 Juni 2007 lalu. Para Ilmuwan dari berbagai penjuru dunia, termasuk Indonesia hadir pada konferensi ini untuk membicarakan berbagai isu terkait dengan krisis keanekaragaman hayati di wilayah kepulauan tropis. Salah satu isu hangat yang mengemuka adalah penyebaran spesies asing invasif dari negara asal ke berbagai penjuru dunia yang diperkirakan akan mampu mengubah lansekap permukaan bumi ini. Perubahan ini sangat dimungkinkan karena masuknya spesies asing yang bersifat invasif ke dalam suatu wilayah yang sama sekali baru akan dapat mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan struktur komunitas organisme lokal. Umumnya, spesies seperti ini memiliki sifat mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan baru dan mampu berkompetisi dengan spesies lokal di habitat yang sama. Beberapa contoh yang dapat dengan mudah dilihat adalah tumbuhan enceng gondok (Eichornia crasipes) yang merupakan tumbuhan air yang menginvasi permukaan perairan tawar di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, Kirinyu (Cromolaena Odorata), tumbuhan darat yang mampu menginvasi baik di dataran rendah hingga dataran tinggi, dan semut Anoplolepis gracilipes.
Gajah di dunianya yang kecil
Konflik antara satwa dengan manusia tidak terelakkan juga terjadi pada gajah. Permasalahan perebutan wilayah antara gajah dan manusia juga belum berakhir. Manusia mengklaim banyaknya kerusakan yang ditimbulkan oleh gajah. Di India menurut Prof.Raman Sukumar terjadi beberapa kasus gajah-gajah yang memakan tanaman pertanian seperti jagung dan padi. Karena merasa dirugikan oleh perilakunya, maka gajah-gajah banyak diburu untuk dibunuh, sehingga jumlahnya semakin berkurang.
Dalam seminar yang diselenggarakan Fahutan IPB dengan Peka Indonesia, beliau membeberkan beberapa hasil penelitiannya, diantaranya wilayah jelajah gajah yang semakin meluas, untuk menemukan makanan. Kawanan gajah yang jumlahnya semakin menurun, harus berjalan bermil-mil lebih jauh dibandingkan masa-masa sebelumnya. Hal ini karena wilayah hutan yang semakin sempit, tidak mencukupi kebutuhan makan mereka.
Conservation of Flora and Fauna
“CONSERVATION OF FLORA AND FAUNA IN THE MIDDLE OF
GLOBAL WARMING AND CHANGING CLIMATE”
Indonesian Miniature Garden, Jakarta- Indonesia , 22nd of January 2008
Global warming and climate change has become a global issues and concern within the regional and international levels. In the context of national scope, this issues had grew stronger after Indonesia had been selected to become host of the 13th Conference of the Party to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC COP 13). The venue took place in Denpasar, Bali. Our earth has already experienced the phenomena of global warming and climate change which leads to hazardous climate events. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has released numbers of reserch which has proved that the earth are warming and climate are changing. The IPCC is an independent scientific body under the UNFCCC.
The phenomena of hazardous climate events has an enormous impact to the environment and human livelihood. Global warming and unpattern climate changes threatened farming for food security, clean water availability, human and ecosystem health. Global warming also threatened the existence of small island nations because of the rising of sea level. Eventhough climate changes has become global issue, but there are still many communities around the world who has not known and understand what is global warming and climate changes. Many of us living in developing countries are limited to information on global warming and climate changes. For many developing countries like Indonesia, efforts to develop public awareness on global warming and climate changes are urgently needed in order to enhance public understanding on the issues. In the efforts of spreading awareness on global warming and climate change, Peka Indonesia collaborating with IISES and TMII conducted one day seminar on global warming and climate change. The seminar was conducted on January 22nd 2007 in Indonesian Miniature Garden, Jakarta with seminar theme Conservation of Flora and Fauna in the middle of changing climate and global warming The aim of this one day seminar is to spread out informations on global warming and climate change to the public especially for the staffs of Indonesian Miniature Garden. Participants will received informations on the effect of global warming to the existence of biodiversity, how we can contribute to minimize carbon emission, and how we can actively involve in the conservation of our nature environment. Thus we can minimize the effects of global warming. On this one day seminar, we invited Dr. Sony Keraf (former minister of environment) as a key note speaker. Dr Keraf gave presentation on the science of global warming and climate change and efforts initiate by countries in the world to adapt to climate change. We also invited 5 other speaker to give prensentation on this seminar, they are, Dr. Suryo Wiyon (Department of Agriculture, IPB), Kuswandono (Gede Pangrango National Park), Dr. Rosicon Ubaidilah (Indonesian Institute of Science), and Arif (Pelangi Foundation). These five speaker gave presentations on the topic of global warming and its effect to the earth environment, effect of global warming to flora and fauna, socializing the result of UNFCCC Bali 2007, and opportunity for public involvement to reduce the effect of global warming. The seminar was attended by 150 participant, mostly from staffs of Indonesian Miniature Garden and several from public in general. We sees that forum-forum seminar like this are still needed in order to spread out the information on global warming and climate change. We envision that through good understanding, the public will increase their awareness toward global warming and will initiate an action to contribute on reducing carbon emission, thus minimalizing the hazardous effects of global warming and climate change.
